What is Pigmentation?
Pigmentation refers to discoloration of the skin caused by irregular melanin production. Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin color, and when its distribution becomes uneven, darker patches or generalized discoloration can appear. Pigmentation may develop from sun exposure, hormonal fluctuations, inflammation, acne, genetics, or aging.
Unlike isolated brown spots, pigmentation often presents as broader areas of uneven tone, such as melasma or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. These changes originate beneath the skin’s surface, which is why over-the-counter products rarely provide meaningful improvement. Effective treatment requires a professional evaluation and targeted therapies that address pigment at multiple layers while supporting overall skin health.